The news: The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has updated its guidelines to acknowledge that the coronavirus can be spread by tiny particles that linger in the air. The agency said it took the decision due to the mounting evidence that people with covid-19 can infect people even if they are more than six feet away, or shortly after the infected person left the area. These cases all occurred in poorly ventilated and enclosed spaces, and often involved activities that cause heavier breathing, like singing or exercise. However, “the CDC continues to believe, based on current science, that people are more likely to become infected the longer and closer they are to a person with COVID-19,” it said in a statement. The long-coming update could help to finally clarify the situation after the CDC published guidance acknowledging airborne transmission then suddenly retracted it last month.
The significance: Evidence that airborne transmission is occurring has been mounting for months. 239 experts wrote an open letter to the World Health Organization in July calling for them to acknowledge it. The WHO still has not recognized airborne transmission as a significant factor in the pandemic and the CDC’s slowness to acknowledge it has caused frustration among aerosol researchers, some of whom say it is the main route for infections. The CDC maintains it only occurs in “limited, uncommon” circumstances. Airborne transmission has become a topic of fierce contention, partly due to the fact it makes it far riskier to reopen spaces like restaurants, gyms, bars, schools, and offices.
What do we do now? The CDC advises that people stay at least six feet away from others, wear a mask that covers their nose and mouth, frequently wash their hands, clean high-touch surfaces often, and stay home when they are feeling sick. However, the implications of airborne transmission mean the CDC perhaps ought to shift its emphasis and go further, advising people to properly ventilate buildings, limit the number of people indoors at any given time while encouraging them to stay further apart and masked, and try to socialize outdoors where possible. “The thing people need to understand is aerosol transmission is like everyone breathing out cigarette smoke, and you want to breathe in as little of others’ as possible. Everyone you are around, imagine they are breathing smoke, and try to avoid it,” Jose-Luis Jimenez, a chemistry professor at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who has studied aerosols for 20 years, told MIT Technology Review in an interview.
Read next: This scientist made a Google Doc to educate the public about airborne coronavirus transmission
